Xarray 数据处理（１）
Contents
Xarray 数据处理（１）¶
主讲人：李显祥
大气科学学院
1. DataArray¶
import xarray as xr
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#xr.set_options(display_style="html")
%matplotlib inline
xr.__version__ #show_versions()
'0.16.2'
一个简单的没有维度和坐标的 DataArray
da = xr.DataArray([9, 0, 2, 1, 0])
da
<xarray.DataArray (dim_0: 5)> array([9, 0, 2, 1, 0]) Dimensions without coordinates: dim_0
xarray.DataArray
- dim_0: 5
- 9 0 2 1 0
array([9, 0, 2, 1, 0])
da.plot(marker='o')
[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7fed2827f990>]
加上维度名字
da = xr.DataArray([9, 0, 2, 1, 0], dims=['x'])
da
<xarray.DataArray (x: 5)> array([9, 0, 2, 1, 0]) Dimensions without coordinates: x
xarray.DataArray
- x: 5
- 9 0 2 1 0
array([9, 0, 2, 1, 0])
da.plot(marker='o')
[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7fed28568b10>]
如果加上坐标，情况会如何呢？
import pandas as pd
da = xr.DataArray([9, 0, 2, 1, 0],
dims=['year'],
coords={'year':pd.to_datetime(['2010','2011','2012','2013','2014'])})
da
<xarray.DataArray (year: 5)> array([9, 0, 2, 1, 0]) Coordinates: * year (year) datetime64[ns] 2010-01-01 2011-01-01 ... 2014-01-01
xarray.DataArray
- year: 5
- 9 0 2 1 0
array([9, 0, 2, 1, 0])
- year(year)datetime64[ns]2010-01-01 ... 2014-01-01
array(['2010-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2011-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2012-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2014-01-01T00:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
f,ax = plt.subplots()
da.plot(ax=ax,marker='o')
[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7fed2855ac90>]
多维 DataArray¶
S = [[1,2,4],[5,6,7]]
levels = [0,1]
date = pd.to_datetime(['2015-09-01','2015-10-01','2015-11-01'])
da = xr.DataArray(S, dims=['level', 'date'],
coords={'level': levels,
'date': date},
name='da')
da
<xarray.DataArray 'da' (level: 2, date: 3)>
array([[1, 2, 4],
[5, 6, 7]])
Coordinates:
* level (level) int64 0 1
* date (date) datetime64[ns] 2015-09-01 2015-10-01 2015-11-01xarray.DataArray
'da'
- level: 2
- date: 3
- 1 2 4 5 6 7
array([[1, 2, 4], [5, 6, 7]]) - level(level)int640 1
array([0, 1])
- date(date)datetime64[ns]2015-09-01 2015-10-01 2015-11-01
array(['2015-09-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2015-10-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2015-11-01T00:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
dataarray和dataset可以转换为pandas.dataframe。
da.to_dataframe()
| da | ||
|---|---|---|
| level | date | |
| 0 | 2015-09-01 | 1 |
| 2015-10-01 | 2 | |
| 2015-11-01 | 4 | |
| 1 | 2015-09-01 | 5 |
| 2015-10-01 | 6 | |
| 2015-11-01 | 7 |
#air_temp = xr.tutorial.load_dataset('air_temperature')
air_temp = xr.open_dataset('air_temperature.nc')
air_temp.air
<xarray.DataArray 'air' (time: 2920, lat: 25, lon: 53)>
[3869000 values with dtype=float32]
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0
* lon (lon) float32 200.0 202.5 205.0 207.5 ... 322.5 325.0 327.5 330.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
Attributes:
long_name: 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
units: degK
precision: 2
GRIB_id: 11
GRIB_name: TMP
var_desc: Air temperature
dataset: NMC Reanalysis
level_desc: Surface
statistic: Individual Obs
parent_stat: Other
actual_range: [185.16 322.1 ]xarray.DataArray
'air'
- time: 2920
- lat: 25
- lon: 53
- ...
[3869000 values with dtype=float32]
- lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 20.0 17.5 15.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. , 47.5, 45. , 42.5, 40. , 37.5, 35. , 32.5, 30. , 27.5, 25. , 22.5, 20. , 17.5, 15. ], dtype=float32) - lon(lon)float32200.0 202.5 205.0 ... 327.5 330.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array([200. , 202.5, 205. , 207.5, 210. , 212.5, 215. , 217.5, 220. , 222.5, 225. , 227.5, 230. , 232.5, 235. , 237.5, 240. , 242.5, 245. , 247.5, 250. , 252.5, 255. , 257.5, 260. , 262.5, 265. , 267.5, 270. , 272.5, 275. , 277.5, 280. , 282.5, 285. , 287.5, 290. , 292.5, 295. , 297.5, 300. , 302.5, 305. , 307.5, 310. , 312.5, 315. , 317.5, 320. , 322.5, 325. , 327.5, 330. ], dtype=float32) - time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', ..., '2014-12-31T06:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T12:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T18:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
2. DataSet¶
air_temp
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (lat: 25, lon: 53, time: 2920)
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0
* lon (lon) float32 200.0 202.5 205.0 207.5 ... 322.5 325.0 327.5 330.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
Data variables:
air (time, lat, lon) float32 ...
Attributes:
Conventions: COARDS
title: 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
description: Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis\n(4x/day). These a...
platform: Model
references: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanaly...xarray.Dataset
- lat: 25
- lon: 53
- time: 2920
- lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 20.0 17.5 15.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. , 47.5, 45. , 42.5, 40. , 37.5, 35. , 32.5, 30. , 27.5, 25. , 22.5, 20. , 17.5, 15. ], dtype=float32) - lon(lon)float32200.0 202.5 205.0 ... 327.5 330.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array([200. , 202.5, 205. , 207.5, 210. , 212.5, 215. , 217.5, 220. , 222.5, 225. , 227.5, 230. , 232.5, 235. , 237.5, 240. , 242.5, 245. , 247.5, 250. , 252.5, 255. , 257.5, 260. , 262.5, 265. , 267.5, 270. , 272.5, 275. , 277.5, 280. , 282.5, 285. , 287.5, 290. , 292.5, 295. , 297.5, 300. , 302.5, 305. , 307.5, 310. , 312.5, 315. , 317.5, 320. , 322.5, 325. , 327.5, 330. ], dtype=float32) - time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', ..., '2014-12-31T06:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T12:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T18:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- air(time, lat, lon)float32...
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
[3869000 values with dtype=float32]
- Conventions :
- COARDS
- title :
- 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
- description :
- Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis (4x/day). These are the 0.9950 sigma level values.
- platform :
- Model
- references :
- http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html
坐标 vs. 变量¶
air_temp*100
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (lat: 25, lon: 53, time: 2920)
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0
* lon (lon) float32 200.0 202.5 205.0 207.5 ... 322.5 325.0 327.5 330.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
Data variables:
air (time, lat, lon) float32 2.412e+04 2.425e+04 ... 2.957e+04
Attributes:
Conventions: COARDS
title: 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
description: Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis\n(4x/day). These a...
platform: Model
references: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanaly...xarray.Dataset
- lat: 25
- lon: 53
- time: 2920
- lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 20.0 17.5 15.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. , 47.5, 45. , 42.5, 40. , 37.5, 35. , 32.5, 30. , 27.5, 25. , 22.5, 20. , 17.5, 15. ], dtype=float32) - lon(lon)float32200.0 202.5 205.0 ... 327.5 330.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array([200. , 202.5, 205. , 207.5, 210. , 212.5, 215. , 217.5, 220. , 222.5, 225. , 227.5, 230. , 232.5, 235. , 237.5, 240. , 242.5, 245. , 247.5, 250. , 252.5, 255. , 257.5, 260. , 262.5, 265. , 267.5, 270. , 272.5, 275. , 277.5, 280. , 282.5, 285. , 287.5, 290. , 292.5, 295. , 297.5, 300. , 302.5, 305. , 307.5, 310. , 312.5, 315. , 317.5, 320. , 322.5, 325. , 327.5, 330. ], dtype=float32) - time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', ..., '2014-12-31T06:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T12:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T18:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- air(time, lat, lon)float322.412e+04 2.425e+04 ... 2.957e+04
array([[[24120. , 24250. , 24350. , ..., 23279.998, 23550. , 23860. ], [24379.998, 24450. , 24470. , ..., 23279.998, 23529.998, 23929.998], [25000. , 24979.998, 24889. , ..., 23320. , 23639. , 24170. ], ..., [29660. , 29619.998, 29640. , ..., 29540. , 29510. , 29469.998], [29590. , 29619.998, 29679. , ..., 29590. , 29590. , 29519.998], [29629. , 29679. , 29710. , ..., 29690. , 29679. , 29660. ]], [[24210. , 24270. , 24310. , ..., 23200. , 23360. , 23579.998], [24360. , 24410. , 24420. , ..., 23100. , 23250. , 23570. ], [25320. , 25289. , 25210. , ..., 23079.998, 23339. , 23850. ], ... [29369. , 29388.998, 29538.998, ..., 29509. , 29469. , 29429. ], [29629. , 29719. , 29759. , ..., 29529. , 29509. , 29438.998], [29779. , 29838.998, 29849. , ..., 29569. , 29549. , 29519. ]], [[24509. , 24429. , 24329. , ..., 24168.998, 24149. , 24179. ], [24989. , 24929. , 24839. , ..., 23959. , 24029. , 24168.998], [26299. , 26219. , 26138.998, ..., 23989. , 24259. , 24629. ], ..., [29379. , 29369. , 29509. , ..., 29529. , 29509. , 29469. ], [29609. , 29688.998, 29719. , ..., 29569. , 29569. , 29519. ], [29769. , 29809. , 29809. , ..., 29649. , 29619. , 29569. ]]], dtype=float32)
- Conventions :
- COARDS
- title :
- 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
- description :
- Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis (4x/day). These are the 0.9950 sigma level values.
- platform :
- Model
- references :
- http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html
操作是针对数据变量的，坐标本身不变。
如果要改变坐标，需要用 .assign_coords 方法：
air_temp_new = air_temp.assign_coords({'lon':(((air_temp.lon+180)%360)-180)})
# 或者
# air_temp_new = air_temp.assign_coords(lon = (((air_temp.lon+180)%360)-180))
air_temp_new
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (lat: 25, lon: 53, time: 2920)
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0
* lon (lon) float32 -160.0 -157.5 -155.0 -152.5 ... -35.0 -32.5 -30.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
Data variables:
air (time, lat, lon) float32 241.2 242.5 243.5 ... 296.5 296.2 295.7
Attributes:
Conventions: COARDS
title: 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
description: Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis\n(4x/day). These a...
platform: Model
references: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanaly...xarray.Dataset
- lat: 25
- lon: 53
- time: 2920
- lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 20.0 17.5 15.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. , 47.5, 45. , 42.5, 40. , 37.5, 35. , 32.5, 30. , 27.5, 25. , 22.5, 20. , 17.5, 15. ], dtype=float32) - lon(lon)float32-160.0 -157.5 ... -32.5 -30.0
array([-160. , -157.5, -155. , -152.5, -150. , -147.5, -145. , -142.5, -140. , -137.5, -135. , -132.5, -130. , -127.5, -125. , -122.5, -120. , -117.5, -115. , -112.5, -110. , -107.5, -105. , -102.5, -100. , -97.5, -95. , -92.5, -90. , -87.5, -85. , -82.5, -80. , -77.5, -75. , -72.5, -70. , -67.5, -65. , -62.5, -60. , -57.5, -55. , -52.5, -50. , -47.5, -45. , -42.5, -40. , -37.5, -35. , -32.5, -30. ], dtype=float32) - time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', ..., '2014-12-31T06:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T12:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T18:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- air(time, lat, lon)float32241.2 242.5 243.5 ... 296.2 295.7
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
array([[[241.2 , 242.5 , ..., 235.5 , 238.59999], [243.79999, 244.5 , ..., 235.29999, 239.29999], ..., [295.9 , 296.19998, ..., 295.9 , 295.19998], [296.29 , 296.79 , ..., 296.79 , 296.6 ]], [[242.09999, 242.7 , ..., 233.59999, 235.79999], [243.59999, 244.09999, ..., 232.5 , 235.7 ], ..., [296.19998, 296.69998, ..., 295.5 , 295.1 ], [296.29 , 297.19998, ..., 296.4 , 296.6 ]], ..., [[245.79 , 244.79 , ..., 243.98999, 244.79 ], [249.89 , 249.29 , ..., 242.48999, 244.29 ], ..., [296.29 , 297.19 , ..., 295.09 , 294.38998], [297.79 , 298.38998, ..., 295.49 , 295.19 ]], [[245.09 , 244.29 , ..., 241.48999, 241.79 ], [249.89 , 249.29 , ..., 240.29 , 241.68999], ..., [296.09 , 296.88998, ..., 295.69 , 295.19 ], [297.69 , 298.09 , ..., 296.19 , 295.69 ]]], dtype=float32)
- Conventions :
- COARDS
- title :
- 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
- description :
- Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis (4x/day). These are the 0.9950 sigma level values.
- platform :
- Model
- references :
- http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html
3. 数组访问方法¶
air_temp.air[0,0,0]
# 等同于
#air_temp.air.isel(lat=0,lon=0,time=0)
<xarray.DataArray 'air' ()>
array(241.2, dtype=float32)
Coordinates:
lat float32 75.0
lon float32 200.0
time datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01
Attributes:
long_name: 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
units: degK
precision: 2
GRIB_id: 11
GRIB_name: TMP
var_desc: Air temperature
dataset: NMC Reanalysis
level_desc: Surface
statistic: Individual Obs
parent_stat: Other
actual_range: [185.16 322.1 ]xarray.DataArray
'air'
- 241.2
array(241.2, dtype=float32)
- lat()float3275.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array(75., dtype=float32)
- lon()float32200.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array(200., dtype=float32)
- time()datetime64[ns]2013-01-01
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array('2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
air_temp.air.sel(lat=50,lon=300,time='2013-12-01T00:00:00')
<xarray.DataArray 'air' ()>
array(265.4, dtype=float32)
Coordinates:
lat float32 50.0
lon float32 300.0
time datetime64[ns] 2013-12-01
Attributes:
long_name: 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
units: degK
precision: 2
GRIB_id: 11
GRIB_name: TMP
var_desc: Air temperature
dataset: NMC Reanalysis
level_desc: Surface
statistic: Individual Obs
parent_stat: Other
actual_range: [185.16 322.1 ]xarray.DataArray
'air'
- 265.4
array(265.4, dtype=float32)
- lat()float3250.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array(50., dtype=float32)
- lon()float32300.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array(300., dtype=float32)
- time()datetime64[ns]2013-12-01
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array('2013-12-01T00:00:00.000000000', dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
# slice 选取坐标范围
air_temp.air.sel(lat=50,lon=300,time=slice('2013-12-01T00:00:00','2013-12-02T00:00:00'))
<xarray.DataArray 'air' (time: 5)>
array([265.4 , 267.79 , 268.19998, 269.6 , 268.79 ], dtype=float32)
Coordinates:
lat float32 50.0
lon float32 300.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-12-01 2013-12-01T06:00:00 ... 2013-12-02
Attributes:
long_name: 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
units: degK
precision: 2
GRIB_id: 11
GRIB_name: TMP
var_desc: Air temperature
dataset: NMC Reanalysis
level_desc: Surface
statistic: Individual Obs
parent_stat: Other
actual_range: [185.16 322.1 ]xarray.DataArray
'air'
- time: 5
- 265.4 267.8 268.2 269.6 268.8
array([265.4 , 267.79 , 268.19998, 269.6 , 268.79 ], dtype=float32)
- lat()float3250.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array(50., dtype=float32)
- lon()float32300.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array(300., dtype=float32)
- time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-12-01 ... 2013-12-02
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-12-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-12-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-12-01T12:00:00.000000000', '2013-12-01T18:00:00.000000000', '2013-12-02T00:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
air_temp.air.sel(lat=73,lon=300,time='2013-12-02T00:00:00',method='nearest')
<xarray.DataArray 'air' ()>
array(259.69998, dtype=float32)
Coordinates:
lat float32 72.5
lon float32 300.0
time datetime64[ns] 2013-12-02
Attributes:
long_name: 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
units: degK
precision: 2
GRIB_id: 11
GRIB_name: TMP
var_desc: Air temperature
dataset: NMC Reanalysis
level_desc: Surface
statistic: Individual Obs
parent_stat: Other
actual_range: [185.16 322.1 ]xarray.DataArray
'air'
- 259.7
array(259.69998, dtype=float32)
- lat()float3272.5
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array(72.5, dtype=float32)
- lon()float32300.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array(300., dtype=float32)
- time()datetime64[ns]2013-12-02
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array('2013-12-02T00:00:00.000000000', dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
method 参数的选项:
None(default): only exact matchespad/ffill: propagate last valid index value forwardbackfill/bfill: propagate next valid index value backwardnearest: use nearest valid index value
.sel 对整个数据集也可以使用, 注意数据中 lat 是倒序的
#
air_temp.sel(lat=slice(75,50),lon=300,time='2013-12-02T00:00:00')
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (lat: 11)
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 60.0 57.5 55.0 52.5 50.0
lon float32 300.0
time datetime64[ns] 2013-12-02
Data variables:
air (lat) float32 253.8 259.7 254.4 253.1 ... 262.3 258.3 259.2 268.8
Attributes:
Conventions: COARDS
title: 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
description: Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis\n(4x/day). These a...
platform: Model
references: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanaly...xarray.Dataset
- lat: 11
- lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 55.0 52.5 50.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. ], dtype=float32) - lon()float32300.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array(300., dtype=float32)
- time()datetime64[ns]2013-12-02
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array('2013-12-02T00:00:00.000000000', dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- air(lat)float32253.8 259.7 254.4 ... 259.2 268.8
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
array([253.79999, 259.69998, 254.39 , 253.09999, 259.79 , 264.79 , 264.6 , 262.29 , 258.29 , 259.19998, 268.79 ], dtype=float32)
- Conventions :
- COARDS
- title :
- 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
- description :
- Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis (4x/day). These are the 0.9950 sigma level values.
- platform :
- Model
- references :
- http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html
4. 简单绘图¶
from pandas.plotting import register_matplotlib_converters
register_matplotlib_converters()
air_temp.air.sel(lat=70,lon=250,time='2014-01').plot()
[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7fed28c773d0>]
air_temp.air.sel(time='2014-12-01T00:00:00').plot()
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x7fed28e0e190>
5. 基本算术运算¶
air_temp + 20.0
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (lat: 25, lon: 53, time: 2920)
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0
* lon (lon) float32 200.0 202.5 205.0 207.5 ... 322.5 325.0 327.5 330.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
Data variables:
air (time, lat, lon) float32 261.2 262.5 263.5 ... 316.5 316.2 315.7
Attributes:
Conventions: COARDS
title: 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
description: Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis\n(4x/day). These a...
platform: Model
references: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanaly...xarray.Dataset
- lat: 25
- lon: 53
- time: 2920
- lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 20.0 17.5 15.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. , 47.5, 45. , 42.5, 40. , 37.5, 35. , 32.5, 30. , 27.5, 25. , 22.5, 20. , 17.5, 15. ], dtype=float32) - lon(lon)float32200.0 202.5 205.0 ... 327.5 330.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array([200. , 202.5, 205. , 207.5, 210. , 212.5, 215. , 217.5, 220. , 222.5, 225. , 227.5, 230. , 232.5, 235. , 237.5, 240. , 242.5, 245. , 247.5, 250. , 252.5, 255. , 257.5, 260. , 262.5, 265. , 267.5, 270. , 272.5, 275. , 277.5, 280. , 282.5, 285. , 287.5, 290. , 292.5, 295. , 297.5, 300. , 302.5, 305. , 307.5, 310. , 312.5, 315. , 317.5, 320. , 322.5, 325. , 327.5, 330. ], dtype=float32) - time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', ..., '2014-12-31T06:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T12:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T18:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- air(time, lat, lon)float32261.2 262.5 263.5 ... 316.2 315.7
array([[[261.2 , 262.5 , 263.5 , ..., 252.79999, 255.5 , 258.59998], [263.8 , 264.5 , 264.7 , ..., 252.79999, 255.29999, 259.3 ], [270. , 269.8 , 268.89 , ..., 253.2 , 256.39 , 261.7 ], ..., [316.6 , 316.19998, 316.4 , ..., 315.4 , 315.1 , 314.69998], [315.9 , 316.19998, 316.79 , ..., 315.9 , 315.9 , 315.19998], [316.29 , 316.79 , 317.1 , ..., 316.9 , 316.79 , 316.6 ]], [[262.09998, 262.7 , 263.09998, ..., 252. , 253.59999, 255.79999], [263.59998, 264.09998, 264.2 , ..., 251. , 252.5 , 255.7 ], [273.2 , 272.89 , 272.09998, ..., 250.79999, 253.39 , 258.5 ], ... [313.69 , 313.88998, 315.38998, ..., 315.09 , 314.69 , 314.29 ], [316.29 , 317.19 , 317.59 , ..., 315.29 , 315.09 , 314.38998], [317.79 , 318.38998, 318.49 , ..., 315.69 , 315.49 , 315.19 ]], [[265.09 , 264.28998, 263.28998, ..., 261.69 , 261.49 , 261.78998], [269.89 , 269.28998, 268.39 , ..., 259.59 , 260.28998, 261.69 ], [282.99 , 282.19 , 281.38998, ..., 259.89 , 262.59 , 266.28998], ..., [313.79 , 313.69 , 315.09 , ..., 315.29 , 315.09 , 314.69 ], [316.09 , 316.88998, 317.19 , ..., 315.69 , 315.69 , 315.19 ], [317.69 , 318.09 , 318.09 , ..., 316.49 , 316.19 , 315.69 ]]], dtype=float32)
- Conventions :
- COARDS
- title :
- 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
- description :
- Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis (4x/day). These are the 0.9950 sigma level values.
- platform :
- Model
- references :
- http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html
air_temp * 1.1
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (lat: 25, lon: 53, time: 2920)
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0
* lon (lon) float32 200.0 202.5 205.0 207.5 ... 322.5 325.0 327.5 330.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
Data variables:
air (time, lat, lon) float32 265.3 266.8 267.9 ... 326.1 325.8 325.3
Attributes:
Conventions: COARDS
title: 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
description: Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis\n(4x/day). These a...
platform: Model
references: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanaly...xarray.Dataset
- lat: 25
- lon: 53
- time: 2920
- lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 20.0 17.5 15.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. , 47.5, 45. , 42.5, 40. , 37.5, 35. , 32.5, 30. , 27.5, 25. , 22.5, 20. , 17.5, 15. ], dtype=float32) - lon(lon)float32200.0 202.5 205.0 ... 327.5 330.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array([200. , 202.5, 205. , 207.5, 210. , 212.5, 215. , 217.5, 220. , 222.5, 225. , 227.5, 230. , 232.5, 235. , 237.5, 240. , 242.5, 245. , 247.5, 250. , 252.5, 255. , 257.5, 260. , 262.5, 265. , 267.5, 270. , 272.5, 275. , 277.5, 280. , 282.5, 285. , 287.5, 290. , 292.5, 295. , 297.5, 300. , 302.5, 305. , 307.5, 310. , 312.5, 315. , 317.5, 320. , 322.5, 325. , 327.5, 330. ], dtype=float32) - time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', ..., '2014-12-31T06:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T12:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T18:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- air(time, lat, lon)float32265.3 266.8 267.9 ... 325.8 325.3
array([[[265.32 , 266.75 , 267.85 , ..., 256.08 , 259.05002, 262.46 ], [268.18 , 268.95 , 269.17 , ..., 256.08 , 258.83 , 263.22998], [275. , 274.78 , 273.779 , ..., 256.52 , 260.029 , 265.87 ], ..., [326.26 , 325.81998, 326.04 , ..., 324.94 , 324.61002, 324.16998], [325.49 , 325.81998, 326.46902, ..., 325.49 , 325.49 , 324.72 ], [325.919 , 326.46902, 326.81003, ..., 326.59 , 326.46902, 326.26 ]], [[266.31 , 266.97 , 267.41 , ..., 255.20001, 256.96 , 259.38 ], [267.96 , 268.51 , 268.62 , ..., 254.1 , 255.75 , 259.27 ], [278.52 , 278.17902, 277.31 , ..., 253.87999, 256.729 , 262.35 ], ... [323.05902, 323.279 , 324.929 , ..., 324.599 , 324.159 , 323.71902], [325.919 , 326.909 , 327.349 , ..., 324.81903, 324.599 , 323.82898], [327.56903, 328.229 , 328.339 , ..., 325.259 , 325.039 , 324.709 ]], [[269.599 , 268.719 , 267.619 , ..., 265.85898, 265.639 , 265.969 ], [274.879 , 274.219 , 273.229 , ..., 263.549 , 264.319 , 265.85898], [289.289 , 288.409 , 287.529 , ..., 263.879 , 266.849 , 270.919 ], ..., [323.169 , 323.05902, 324.599 , ..., 324.81903, 324.599 , 324.159 ], [325.699 , 326.57898, 326.909 , ..., 325.259 , 325.259 , 324.709 ], [327.459 , 327.89902, 327.89902, ..., 326.139 , 325.80902, 325.259 ]]], dtype=float32)
- Conventions :
- COARDS
- title :
- 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
- description :
- Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis (4x/day). These are the 0.9950 sigma level values.
- platform :
- Model
- references :
- http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html
np.sin(air_temp)
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (lat: 25, lon: 53, time: 2920)
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0
* lon (lon) float32 200.0 202.5 205.0 207.5 ... 322.5 325.0 327.5 330.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
Data variables:
air (time, lat, lon) float32 0.6462 -0.5625 -0.9996 ... 0.7709 0.3712
Attributes:
Conventions: COARDS
title: 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
description: Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis\n(4x/day). These a...
platform: Model
references: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanaly...xarray.Dataset
- lat: 25
- lon: 53
- time: 2920
- lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 20.0 17.5 15.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. , 47.5, 45. , 42.5, 40. , 37.5, 35. , 32.5, 30. , 27.5, 25. , 22.5, 20. , 17.5, 15. ], dtype=float32) - lon(lon)float32200.0 202.5 205.0 ... 327.5 330.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array([200. , 202.5, 205. , 207.5, 210. , 212.5, 215. , 217.5, 220. , 222.5, 225. , 227.5, 230. , 232.5, 235. , 237.5, 240. , 242.5, 245. , 247.5, 250. , 252.5, 255. , 257.5, 260. , 262.5, 265. , 267.5, 270. , 272.5, 275. , 277.5, 280. , 282.5, 285. , 287.5, 290. , 292.5, 295. , 297.5, 300. , 302.5, 305. , 307.5, 310. , 312.5, 315. , 317.5, 320. , 322.5, 325. , 327.5, 330. ], dtype=float32) - time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', ..., '2014-12-31T06:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T12:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T18:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')
- air(time, lat, lon)float320.6462 -0.5625 ... 0.7709 0.3712
- long_name :
- 4xDaily Air temperature at sigma level 995
- units :
- degK
- precision :
- 2
- GRIB_id :
- 11
- GRIB_name :
- TMP
- var_desc :
- Air temperature
- dataset :
- NMC Reanalysis
- level_desc :
- Surface
- statistic :
- Individual Obs
- parent_stat :
- Other
- actual_range :
- [185.16 322.1 ]
array([[[ 0.6462326 , -0.5624663 , -0.9996471 , ..., 0.31658906, 0.11916517, -0.16035552], [-0.9471524 , -0.51775694, -0.33747196, ..., 0.31658906, 0.3140551 , 0.51323175], [-0.970528 , -0.9990596 , -0.6474089 , ..., 0.6609925 , -0.6965303 , 0.20125344], ..., [ 0.96091723, 0.7772431 , 0.88675845, ..., 0.09016185, -0.20816974, -0.5726443 ], [ 0.55659735, 0.7772431 , 0.9959079 , ..., 0.55659735, 0.55659735, -0.10950769], [ 0.830664 , 0.9959079 , 0.9760064 , ..., 0.9998101 , 0.9959079 , 0.96091723]], [[-0.19607785, -0.71551615, -0.93107796, ..., -0.45987672, 0.90102834, -0.17955962], [-0.99200195, -0.81004924, -0.7474598 , ..., -0.9956842 , 0.02214182, -0.08046086], [ 0.95480645, 0.9999663 , 0.6979841 , ..., -0.99427325, 0.7908172 , -0.25808707], ... [-0.9988041 , -0.98861045, 0.08018851, ..., -0.21794963, -0.58079666, -0.8519514 ], [ 0.830664 , 0.952487 , 0.7586938 , ..., -0.01969962, -0.21794963, -0.7954352 ], [ 0.61413825, 0.06127954, -0.03867849, ..., 0.37119257, 0.17930582, -0.1194213 ]], [[ 0.04575338, -0.6847304 , -0.9832225 , ..., 0.21104816, 0.4010329 , 0.112403 ], [-0.9911176 , -0.89309275, -0.20276402, ..., 0.7372255 , 0.99912465, 0.21104816], [-0.78567886, -0.99117064, -0.5954245 , ..., 0.90396696, -0.63450044, 0.94764113], ..., [-0.9986949 , -0.9988041 , -0.21794963, ..., -0.01969962, -0.21794963, -0.58079666], [ 0.70348334, 0.99995506, 0.952487 , ..., 0.37119257, 0.37119257, -0.1194213 ], [ 0.6898629 , 0.353496 , 0.353496 , ..., 0.92471296, 0.7709256 , 0.37119257]]], dtype=float32)
- Conventions :
- COARDS
- title :
- 4x daily NMC reanalysis (1948)
- description :
- Data is from NMC initialized reanalysis (4x/day). These are the 0.9950 sigma level values.
- platform :
- Model
- references :
- http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html
6. 聚合运算¶
air_temp.air.mean(dim='time').plot()
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x7fed28f57d90>
air_temp.air.mean(dim=['lat','lon']).plot()
[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7fed0dfca690>]
air_temp.air.max(dim='time').plot()
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x7fed11b440d0>
anomaly = air_temp.air - air_temp.air.mean(dim='time')
anomaly.sel(time='2014-07-01T00:00:00').plot()
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x7fed11cf6bd0>
anomaly.sel(time='2014-12-01T00:00:00').plot()
<matplotlib.collections.QuadMesh at 0x7fed11ea3950>
anomaly
<xarray.DataArray 'air' (time: 2920, lat: 25, lon: 53)>
array([[[-1.91756439e+01, -1.76825867e+01, -1.63859253e+01, ...,
-1.80151215e+01, -1.64373322e+01, -1.48374176e+01],
[-1.89337158e+01, -1.82936096e+01, -1.80489044e+01, ...,
-1.69549713e+01, -1.62852173e+01, -1.50585022e+01],
[-1.47680969e+01, -1.45270996e+01, -1.51714020e+01, ...,
-1.74070740e+01, -1.71924744e+01, -1.60147552e+01],
...,
[-1.04931641e+00, -7.52960205e-01, -2.29125977e-01, ...,
-1.41033936e+00, -1.18792725e+00, -1.11624146e+00],
[-2.22869873e+00, -1.73648071e+00, -6.80053711e-01, ...,
-9.59106445e-01, -8.76861572e-01, -1.24349976e+00],
[-2.07592773e+00, -1.59591675e+00, -1.01385498e+00, ...,
-4.37774658e-01, -4.91027832e-01, -7.05017090e-01]],
[[-1.82756500e+01, -1.74825897e+01, -1.67859344e+01, ...,
-1.88151093e+01, -1.83373413e+01, -1.76374207e+01],
[-1.91337128e+01, -1.86936188e+01, -1.85489044e+01, ...,
-1.87549591e+01, -1.90852051e+01, -1.86584930e+01],
[-1.15681000e+01, -1.14370880e+01, -1.19614105e+01, ...,
-1.98070831e+01, -2.01924744e+01, -1.92147522e+01],
...
-1.72033691e+00, -1.59793091e+00, -1.52621460e+00],
[-1.83868408e+00, -7.46459961e-01, 1.19934082e-01, ...,
-1.56909180e+00, -1.68685913e+00, -2.05349731e+00],
[-5.75927734e-01, 4.05883789e-03, 3.76129150e-01, ...,
-1.64776611e+00, -1.79104614e+00, -2.11502075e+00]],
[[-1.52856445e+01, -1.58925934e+01, -1.65959320e+01, ...,
-9.12512207e+00, -1.04473419e+01, -1.16474152e+01],
[-1.28437042e+01, -1.35036163e+01, -1.43589020e+01, ...,
-1.01649628e+01, -1.12952118e+01, -1.26685028e+01],
[-1.77810669e+00, -2.13708496e+00, -2.67141724e+00, ...,
-1.07170715e+01, -1.09924774e+01, -1.14247589e+01],
...,
[-3.85931396e+00, -3.26293945e+00, -1.53912354e+00, ...,
-1.52032471e+00, -1.19793701e+00, -1.12622070e+00],
[-2.03869629e+00, -1.04647827e+00, -2.80059814e-01, ...,
-1.16909790e+00, -1.08685303e+00, -1.25347900e+00],
[-6.75933838e-01, -2.95928955e-01, -2.38647461e-02, ...,
-8.47778320e-01, -1.09103394e+00, -1.61502075e+00]]],
dtype=float32)
Coordinates:
* lat (lat) float32 75.0 72.5 70.0 67.5 65.0 ... 25.0 22.5 20.0 17.5 15.0
* lon (lon) float32 200.0 202.5 205.0 207.5 ... 322.5 325.0 327.5 330.0
* time (time) datetime64[ns] 2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00xarray.DataArray
'air'
- time: 2920
- lat: 25
- lon: 53
- -19.18 -17.68 -16.39 -15.48 -14.92 ... -0.6273 -0.8478 -1.091 -1.615
array([[[-1.91756439e+01, -1.76825867e+01, -1.63859253e+01, ..., -1.80151215e+01, -1.64373322e+01, -1.48374176e+01], [-1.89337158e+01, -1.82936096e+01, -1.80489044e+01, ..., -1.69549713e+01, -1.62852173e+01, -1.50585022e+01], [-1.47680969e+01, -1.45270996e+01, -1.51714020e+01, ..., -1.74070740e+01, -1.71924744e+01, -1.60147552e+01], ..., [-1.04931641e+00, -7.52960205e-01, -2.29125977e-01, ..., -1.41033936e+00, -1.18792725e+00, -1.11624146e+00], [-2.22869873e+00, -1.73648071e+00, -6.80053711e-01, ..., -9.59106445e-01, -8.76861572e-01, -1.24349976e+00], [-2.07592773e+00, -1.59591675e+00, -1.01385498e+00, ..., -4.37774658e-01, -4.91027832e-01, -7.05017090e-01]], [[-1.82756500e+01, -1.74825897e+01, -1.67859344e+01, ..., -1.88151093e+01, -1.83373413e+01, -1.76374207e+01], [-1.91337128e+01, -1.86936188e+01, -1.85489044e+01, ..., -1.87549591e+01, -1.90852051e+01, -1.86584930e+01], [-1.15681000e+01, -1.14370880e+01, -1.19614105e+01, ..., -1.98070831e+01, -2.01924744e+01, -1.92147522e+01], ... -1.72033691e+00, -1.59793091e+00, -1.52621460e+00], [-1.83868408e+00, -7.46459961e-01, 1.19934082e-01, ..., -1.56909180e+00, -1.68685913e+00, -2.05349731e+00], [-5.75927734e-01, 4.05883789e-03, 3.76129150e-01, ..., -1.64776611e+00, -1.79104614e+00, -2.11502075e+00]], [[-1.52856445e+01, -1.58925934e+01, -1.65959320e+01, ..., -9.12512207e+00, -1.04473419e+01, -1.16474152e+01], [-1.28437042e+01, -1.35036163e+01, -1.43589020e+01, ..., -1.01649628e+01, -1.12952118e+01, -1.26685028e+01], [-1.77810669e+00, -2.13708496e+00, -2.67141724e+00, ..., -1.07170715e+01, -1.09924774e+01, -1.14247589e+01], ..., [-3.85931396e+00, -3.26293945e+00, -1.53912354e+00, ..., -1.52032471e+00, -1.19793701e+00, -1.12622070e+00], [-2.03869629e+00, -1.04647827e+00, -2.80059814e-01, ..., -1.16909790e+00, -1.08685303e+00, -1.25347900e+00], [-6.75933838e-01, -2.95928955e-01, -2.38647461e-02, ..., -8.47778320e-01, -1.09103394e+00, -1.61502075e+00]]], dtype=float32) - lat(lat)float3275.0 72.5 70.0 ... 20.0 17.5 15.0
- standard_name :
- latitude
- long_name :
- Latitude
- units :
- degrees_north
- axis :
- Y
array([75. , 72.5, 70. , 67.5, 65. , 62.5, 60. , 57.5, 55. , 52.5, 50. , 47.5, 45. , 42.5, 40. , 37.5, 35. , 32.5, 30. , 27.5, 25. , 22.5, 20. , 17.5, 15. ], dtype=float32) - lon(lon)float32200.0 202.5 205.0 ... 327.5 330.0
- standard_name :
- longitude
- long_name :
- Longitude
- units :
- degrees_east
- axis :
- X
array([200. , 202.5, 205. , 207.5, 210. , 212.5, 215. , 217.5, 220. , 222.5, 225. , 227.5, 230. , 232.5, 235. , 237.5, 240. , 242.5, 245. , 247.5, 250. , 252.5, 255. , 257.5, 260. , 262.5, 265. , 267.5, 270. , 272.5, 275. , 277.5, 280. , 282.5, 285. , 287.5, 290. , 292.5, 295. , 297.5, 300. , 302.5, 305. , 307.5, 310. , 312.5, 315. , 317.5, 320. , 322.5, 325. , 327.5, 330. ], dtype=float32) - time(time)datetime64[ns]2013-01-01 ... 2014-12-31T18:00:00
- standard_name :
- time
- long_name :
- Time
array(['2013-01-01T00:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T06:00:00.000000000', '2013-01-01T12:00:00.000000000', ..., '2014-12-31T06:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T12:00:00.000000000', '2014-12-31T18:00:00.000000000'], dtype='datetime64[ns]')